Post by Surroundx on Nov 18, 2016 6:10:04 GMT 1
Scientific Name: Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia
Species Authority: (Fosberg) W.L.Wagner & Lorence
Parent Species:
See Kadua degeneri
Synonym(s):
Hedyotis degeneri Fosberg var. coprosmifolia Fosberg
Taxonomic Source(s): Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R. and Lorence, D.H. 2005 onwards. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands website. Available at: botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm.
Assessment Information [top]
Red List Category & Criteria: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) D ver 3.1
Year Published: 2015
Date Assessed: 2015-08-13
Assessor(s): Keir, M., Portner, T., Weisenberger, L., Kwon, J. & Caraway, V.L.
Reviewer(s): Bruegmann, M. & Sugii, N.
Facilitator/Compiler(s): Schatz, G.E.
Justification:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is assessed as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) under criterion D. The taxon is endemic to the island of Oʻahu. This species was last observed in the 1980s and is possibly extinct. While there are no exact numbers known of this taxon prior to this date, genetic studies have recognized two distinct varieties: var. coprosmifolia and var. degeneri. These taxa were later elevated to subspecies. There is no ex situ germplasm collection in storage for this taxon. According to J. Lau (pers. comm. 2006), "There is much unsurveyed habitat that is difficult to access where it could be extant."
Date last seen: 1980
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and historically known to occur between 365 to 380 m elevation, in the Waiʻanae Mountains on the island of Oʻahu.
Countries occurrence:
Possibly extinct:
United States (Hawaiian Is.)
Additional data:
♦ Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) - km2: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ♦ Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 0
♦ Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ♦ Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
♦ Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ♦ Lower elevation limit (metres): 365
♦ Upper elevation limit (metres): 380
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population:
There are no known individuals of this taxon as it has not been observed since the 1980s.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
♦ Number of mature individuals: 0 ♦ Continuing decline of mature individuals: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations: No ♦ Population severely fragmented: No
♦ No. of subpopulations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: Unknown ♦ All individuals in one subpopulation: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is a small shrub known from Hawaiʻi’s dry to mesic forests in the Waiʻanae Mountains, Oʻahu.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: There are no known uses for this species.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s):
The major threats to Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia include direct competition by invasive or non-native plant species, feral ungulates, fire and climate change. Invasive, non-native plant species include Schinus terebinthifolia (Christmas Berry), Melinis minutiflorus (Molasses Grass), and Psidium cattleianum (Strawberry Guava). Predation, habitat degradation, and trampling by non-native animals, particularly feral goats (Capra hircus) and pigs (Sus domesticus) are problematic. This taxon bears a high vulnerability rank of 0.815 (Fortini et al. 2013).
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions:
This taxon is on the U.S. Endangered Species List, and also on the State of Hawaiʻi Endangered Species List. There are no known plants in the wild and no seeds in ex situ storage.
Source: www.iucnredlist.org/details/80092214/0
Species Authority: (Fosberg) W.L.Wagner & Lorence
Parent Species:
See Kadua degeneri
Synonym(s):
Hedyotis degeneri Fosberg var. coprosmifolia Fosberg
Taxonomic Source(s): Wagner, W.L., Herbst, D.R. and Lorence, D.H. 2005 onwards. Flora of the Hawaiian Islands website. Available at: botany.si.edu/pacificislandbiodiversity/hawaiianflora/index.htm.
Assessment Information [top]
Red List Category & Criteria: Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) D ver 3.1
Year Published: 2015
Date Assessed: 2015-08-13
Assessor(s): Keir, M., Portner, T., Weisenberger, L., Kwon, J. & Caraway, V.L.
Reviewer(s): Bruegmann, M. & Sugii, N.
Facilitator/Compiler(s): Schatz, G.E.
Justification:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is assessed as Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) under criterion D. The taxon is endemic to the island of Oʻahu. This species was last observed in the 1980s and is possibly extinct. While there are no exact numbers known of this taxon prior to this date, genetic studies have recognized two distinct varieties: var. coprosmifolia and var. degeneri. These taxa were later elevated to subspecies. There is no ex situ germplasm collection in storage for this taxon. According to J. Lau (pers. comm. 2006), "There is much unsurveyed habitat that is difficult to access where it could be extant."
Date last seen: 1980
Geographic Range [top]
Range Description:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and historically known to occur between 365 to 380 m elevation, in the Waiʻanae Mountains on the island of Oʻahu.
Countries occurrence:
Possibly extinct:
United States (Hawaiian Is.)
Additional data:
♦ Estimated area of occupancy (AOO) - km2: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in area of occupancy (AOO): Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in area of occupancy (AOO): No ♦ Estimated extent of occurrence (EOO) - km2: 0
♦ Continuing decline in extent of occurrence (EOO): Unknown ♦ Extreme fluctuations in extent of occurrence (EOO): No
♦ Continuing decline in number of locations: Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in the number of locations: No ♦ Lower elevation limit (metres): 365
♦ Upper elevation limit (metres): 380
Range Map: Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.
Population [top]
Population:
There are no known individuals of this taxon as it has not been observed since the 1980s.
Current Population Trend: Unknown
Additional data:
♦ Number of mature individuals: 0 ♦ Continuing decline of mature individuals: No
♦ Extreme fluctuations: No ♦ Population severely fragmented: No
♦ No. of subpopulations: 0 ♦ Continuing decline in subpopulations: Unknown
♦ Extreme fluctuations in subpopulations: Unknown ♦ All individuals in one subpopulation: Unknown
Habitat and Ecology [top]
Habitat and Ecology:
Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia is a small shrub known from Hawaiʻi’s dry to mesic forests in the Waiʻanae Mountains, Oʻahu.
Systems: Terrestrial
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat: Yes
Use and Trade [top]
Use and Trade: There are no known uses for this species.
Threats [top]
Major Threat(s):
The major threats to Kadua degeneri subsp. coprosmifolia include direct competition by invasive or non-native plant species, feral ungulates, fire and climate change. Invasive, non-native plant species include Schinus terebinthifolia (Christmas Berry), Melinis minutiflorus (Molasses Grass), and Psidium cattleianum (Strawberry Guava). Predation, habitat degradation, and trampling by non-native animals, particularly feral goats (Capra hircus) and pigs (Sus domesticus) are problematic. This taxon bears a high vulnerability rank of 0.815 (Fortini et al. 2013).
Conservation Actions [top]
Conservation Actions:
This taxon is on the U.S. Endangered Species List, and also on the State of Hawaiʻi Endangered Species List. There are no known plants in the wild and no seeds in ex situ storage.
Source: www.iucnredlist.org/details/80092214/0
